DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.16.23290059

Distinct T cell functional profiles in SARS-CoV-2 seropositive and seronegative children associated with endemic human coronavirus cross-reactivity

N. S. B.Benede M. B. Tincho A. Walters V. Subbiah A. Ngomti R. Baguma C. Butters M. Mennen S. Skelem M. Adriaanse S. van Graan S. R. Balla T. Moyo-Gwete P. L. Moore M. Botha

N. S. B.Benede M. B. Tincho A. Walters ...+19 R. S. Keeton

摘要

SUMMARY SARS-CoV-2 infection in children typically results in asymptomatic or mild disease. There is a paucity of studies on antiviral immunity in African children. We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses in 71 unvaccinated asymptomatic South African children who were seropositive or seronegative for SARS-CoV-2. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cell responses were detectable in 83% of seropositive and 60% of seronegative children. Although the magnitude of the CD4+ T cell response did not differ significantly between the two groups, their functional profiles were distinct, with SARS-CoV-2 seropositive children exhibiting a higher proportion of polyfunctional T cells compared to their seronegative counterparts. The frequency of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells in seronegative children was associated with the endemic human coronavirus (HCoV) HKU1 IgG response. Overall, the presence of SARS-CoV-2-responding T cells in seronegative children may result from cross-reactivity to endemic coronaviruses and could contribute to the relative protection from disease observed in SARS-CoV-2-infected children. Key words: SARS-CoV-2, Children, IgG responses, T cell response, Polyfunctional profile, endemic HCoV

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